compiled for unrev-II by Joe Williams and Bill Bearden and all
Ontological commitments are
agreements to use the shared vocabulary in a
coherent and consistent manner.
T. Gruber
Ontology - A specification of a conceptualization.
A system of concepts and relationships that can be used to
encode a piece of knowledge.
Agreement that the same sign, symbol, word, image, structural element,
or whatever (iconic) representation of the object reality
being communicated, has, when used in the agreed context,
an exact and fully specified
definition, application, and relationship to other items allowing the term to be
interpreted and understood identically by all collaborators.
Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0
XML Information Set
Canonical XML
XML Schema Part 0: Primer
XML Schema Part 1: Structures
XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes
Web Style Sheets
Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL)
XSL Transformations (XSLT)
XML Linking and Addressing Languages
Overview
XML Path Language (!XPath)
Use of a path notation as in URLs for navigating through the hierarchical structure of an XML document.
In the !XPath data model, each element and attribute has a name returned by the
function name() which can, at the discretion of the application, be the QName
appearing in the original document.
!XPath has a natural subset that can be used for matching
(testing whether or not a node matches a pattern).
A common syntax and semantics for functionality
shared between XSL Transformations and !XPointer.
XML Pointer Language (!XPointer)
Allows for traversals of a document tree and choice of its internal parts
based on various properties, such as element types,
attribute values, character content, and relative position.
XML Linking Language (!XLink)
Allows elements to be inserted into XML documents in order to
create and describe links between resources.
Defines hypertext-specific metadata that can be associated with a link.
XML Base (!XBase)
Allows authors to explicitly specify a document's base URI
for the purpose of resolving relative URIs in links to
external images, applets, form-processing programs, style sheets, and so on.
XML Inclusions (!XInclude)
A processing model and syntax for a general purpose inclusion facility.
Leverages existing XML constructs - elements, attributes, and URI references.
to define a specific processing model for merging a number of XML Infosets
into a single composite Infoset.
There are a number of differences between !XInclude and XML external entities
which make them complimentary technologies.
Accessibility - A human-centered design approach
matching visual, aural, and tactile accessibility properties
that lowers or erases the barriers to usage
by creating user-interface paradigms which
serve humans to the full of their potential.
Web Accessibility Initiative
International Center for Disability Resources
CA Architecture for Accessible IT and Web
Design
Voice Browser
Augment Activities -
need link to figure showing A, B, C activities
A Activities - The basic function of an organization
B Activities - Activities that attempt to improve on the basic
function of an organization (See A Activities)
C Activities - Activities that attempt to improve the improvement
process (see B Activities)
Augment/NLS - A system developed by a team lead by Douglas Engelbart Data - Numbers quantifying something. For example, "It hit 85 degrees outside today."
Bootstrap Institute - Douglas Engelbart's not-for-profit organization whose goal is to increase humanity's capability to solve complex, global problems with the aid of computer technology.
Bootstrap Institute
Immediate Priorities
Bootstrapping - The idea that improving a capability on which other capabilities depend automatically improves the dependent capabilities.
Bootstrapping Index -
Capabilities Infrastructure - Every capability is dependent on other capabilities. An example of this is: humanity's ability to feed itself is currently dependent on its ability to produce chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
CoDIAK - Concurrent Development, Integration, and Application of Knowledge. The DKR enables this.
Co-Evolution - Evolution in sync - This is the idea that it does no good for Tool System to advance to the point that people can't use them. Tool Systems must advance in sync with the evolution of Human Systems.
The Frontier.
Collective IQ - Collective intelligence (collective IQ) is the ability of a group to solve more or greater problems than its individual members through shared, collaborative resources.
Colloquium - A series of lectures and discussions held at Stanford University from 1/6/2000 to 3/9/2000.
Complex Problems - Hunger, the environment, uneven distribution of wealth, are all examples of complex, global problems. Increasing humanity's capacity to solve complex, global problems is itself a complex problem.
Concept Graph -
Cyberspace - A shared concept or "consensual hallucination": Visualize and maintain a uniform definition of
objects, scene arrangement, and spatio-location which forms a unified conceptualization of space spanning the entire Internet.
pesce-www.html
Data Structure - The organization of information items in the DKR.
Eric's Data Structure
DKR - Dynamic Knowledge Repository - The development of a DKR is the goal.
HPATs - High Performance Augmented Teams.
Human System - People, their organizations and natural capabilities.
Hypertext - Text with embedded hyperlinks.
Hypermedia - Recognition that media other than text can include and be referenced by hyperlinks.
Hypermultimedia - With technology, we can use the WWW as a hyperlinked sequence of multimedia interactions.
a site
Information - Data interpreted in the context of other data. For example, "85 degrees is 5 degrees hotter than the average for today."
Intelligence System - Recorded Dialog + External Intelligence + A Knowledge Handbook (in whatever form is appropriate).
Knowledge - Information, interpreted over time, that yields cause and effect guidelines for future events. For example, "In this area, a 5 degree increase in average temperature causes a 10% decrease in corn yields."
Knowledge -
From Joe's 'Working' Model
1. The Knowledge appears to be related to understanding and interpreting one or more DKR Goal or Problem. To the best of their ability, collaborators agree that each Knowledge item will actually advance the DKR purpose.
2. Collaborators agree that the Knowledge is 'correct'. Evolution of the Knowledge item involving arguments for and against its validity can be followed and evaluated.
3. This Knowledge forms the basis for defining an action taken to win the Goal or solve the Problem. This is the exhibition of Wisdom.
Knowledge Container -
Knowledge Product - The Intelligence System is one model of the high level architecture of a DKR.
Meta-NIC - A NIC whose goal is to improve the processes of other NICs.
Multimedia - Multiple Media.
Alternative visual, aural, and tactile media choices. The User is free to choose various media and inteface technologies to browse, search, comprehend, and use the content.
Checklist
NIC - Network Improvement Communities - An organization made up of dispersed people whose goal is to improve some process.
OHS - Open Hyperdocument System - a capability on which the DKR capability provides and depends upon.
Semantic -
Semantic Convergence - Clarity of shared meaning with a minimum number (approaching zero) of synonyms and homonyms.
Semantic Dispersion - The dilution of shared meaning due to proliferation of synonyms and homonyms.
Semantics -
Semiotic -
Tool System - People's technology. For example, the telephone.
Transcode - Change from one encoding form to another
while absolutely maintaining content and meaning.
A format conversion. Transcoding systematically transforms information, making data interchange among disparate systems
fast, easy, and predictable.
An IBM Product Description.
An example of transcoding is converting from
one binary encoding form to another.
Another example of transcoding is when a document is submitted to the DKR,
the content is transcoded into canonical XML form.
In multimedia applications, the term is generally used to
mean "Recompression", but can also mean "Lossless Format Conversion".
Translate - Move content from one ethnic language to another with the goal of preserving content and meaning.
Usability - Interactive and adaptive
multimedia interface reflecting best properties
of an intuitive dynamic data architecture and the inherent
navigability of a well-designed data set.
User Interface
Unfinished Revolution - The advance of computing technology has caused a revolution in the way we conduct our lives. But an important part of this revolution is not yet complete.
XML - Extensible Markup Language - A simpler form of SGML being developed (along with a dozen other closely-related technologies) at the World Wide Web Consortium, W3C at w3.org .
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